Origins of Slavery in Virginia essays

Origins of Slavery in Virginia essays Slavery in Virginia was a trend that spread throughout the state. Many factors made slavery possible in Virginia. Some key factors that lead to the development of slavery was the supply of labor, the cost of labor, the life span of colonist, the fear of lower class rebellion, the legal structure, and racism. The supply of labor in Virginia before the 1660s was mostly done my indentured servants. Indentured servants were males usually under 25, single, and lacked land in England and came to America for a new beginning. Indentured servants contracts usually lasted three to five years and occasionally seven in some cases. Many indentured servants were treated poorly and often abused. These indentured servants would often write back to their home in England tell of their horrific treatment that was bestowed upon them. A shortage of indentured servants was also brought about by the Plague of 1665 which devastated the English population along with London Fire the following year which created a new need for workers of all kinds to rebuild the capital. For these many reasons, the supply of indentured servants fell while the demand for labor rose. Another factor that lead to the development of slavery was the cost of an African slave compared to an indentured servant. A landowner had to buy an indentured servant every few years to take the place of another indentured servant due to their contract expiring. A slave, on the other hand, was bought and could provide many years of service because they could not be freed after a few short years of service. In fact, many slaves had children that were born into slavery which was free labor for the landlord. For many planters it only made sense, economically, to buy slaves. The life expectancy in the area around Virginia increased due to sturdier dwellings and more stable living conditions. This further motivated planters to move away from ...

Gender and psychology in Carol Ann Duffy's poems Thesis Proposal

Gender and psychology in Carol Ann Duffy's poems - Thesis Proposal Example Issues of gender, society, psychology, surrealism, sexuality, history, and fantasy have all found a place on the pages of her books. In my thesis, I intend to explore her poetic device of the dramatic monologue and its relation to the multiplicity of voices her poetry embodies. To better understand the societal and literary importance that set her body of work apart from others, it is necessary to indicate how this type of monologue gives a sense of freedom and authority to the misunderstood and neglected. Furthermore, I plan to shed light on the mental processing of the marginalized through the speakers reflections; in addition, I will focus on how her characters create their own identity by transforming the narrative language. The objectives of my research are firstly, to explore the various topics Carol Ann Duffy addressed in her writing, such as gender roles, female sexuality, suicide, and childhood, and to discuss what she had to say about each of them; secondly, to explore Carol Ann Duffy’s use of the narrative monologue as a vehicle of expression for her characters; and thirdly, to reveal the importance of Carol Ann Duffy’s body of work in the world of literature. It is my supposition that an analytical exploration of Carol Ann Duffy’s poetry will reveal a female writer who has found her voice in controversial topics by allowing her characters to develop their voice through her writing. The question I want to address is how successful is Carol Ann Duffy at broadening the reader’s perception of women, by shedding light on women’s issues through the unique usage of narrative monologues? In several of her books, such as The World’s Wife, Feminine Gospels, and Selling Manhattan, Duffy uses her writing to bring the female characters from the background to the forefront to emphasize the importance of the female

Catholic School 2000 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Catholic School 2000 - Essay Example he Catholic school to develop in the school community an atmosphere animated by a spirit of liberty and charity based on the Gospel.† (Flynn & Mok, 2000, p. 21) This formally states that Catholic schools must enrich the student lives in a religious as well as academic capacity. The authors go on to quote from several other documents, most of which have the same intention regarding the leadership role that Catholic schools must take in their educational focus of religious faith. They also cite a passage from the a statement from the Australian Bishops’ Conference published in 1975: The present document is offered as a contribution to the process by which the people of God in the Australian Church will search for the most authentic way to live the faith and the most effective means of passing it on to future generations. (Flynn & Mok, 2000, p. 22) The second part of their article focuses on more recent documents further defining and delineating the role of the Catholic School, this is titled, â€Å"The Catholic School on the Threshold of the Third Millennium.† (Flynn & Mok, 2000, p. 23) In general these more recent documents slightly softened the role of religion and represent the schools as part of the cultural inheritance of society as well. For instance in the Church document, ‘Lay Catholics in Schools: Witnesses to Faith’ (1982), the mission of Catholic schools is clear that they are to add to the culture around them and not dictate religious fervour. While still focusing on the gospels, â€Å"It strives to relate all human culture to the good news of salvation.† (Flynn & Mok, 2000, p. 23) Mission is an apt conceptualisation of the Catholic schools leadership roles, they are most akin to missionaries with an evangelical purpose to help and to serve the community as well as to open them to their faith. As stated it is an integration or synthesis of culture and faith. (Flynn & Mok, 2000, p. 26) The third part of their article, ‘Australian Catholic

Fundamentals of Management Essay Example for Free

Fundamentals of Management Essay How does being decisive help, or hurt, conflict resolution? Should every decision be solely made by the manager? How should a manager handle criticism of his/her decisions by followers? There is nothing more annoying than a manager who can’t make a decision. If you don’t like making decisions or you feel you aren’t any good at it, you will disappoint a lot of people. On the other hand, it is preventable. Being decisive isn’t about making the right decision, it’s about making a decision. It’s about putting yourself in the driver’s seat of the car, you may decide to turn a different way later, but for now, you control the wheel and you choose where the car goes. Developing real conflict resolution skill sets are a crucial part of a building a maintainable business model. Unsettled conflict frequently results in a loss of production, represses creativeness, and creates obstacles to teamwork, most importantly for leaders, good conflict resolution skills equals’ good employee retention. Leaders who don’t deal with conflict will eventually watch their good talent walk out the door in search of a healthier and safer work environment. Decisions should be made solely or primarily by considering ones duties and the rights of others? The principle of management is making decisions. Managers are always required to evaluate alternatives and make decisions concerning a wide range of matters. Just as there are different managerial styles, there are different decision-making styles. Decision making involves confidence and threats. Decision makers have variable degrees of risk. Decision making also involves qualitative and measureable analyses, and some decision makers choose one form of analysis over the other. Decision making can be affected not only by rational judgment, but also by non-rational factors such as the personality of the decision maker, peer pressure, the organizational situation, and others. When it comes to criticism, it’s important to first understand that half of the stuff people say about you is true. So just take inventory, suck it up and change. And the other half they say about you is not, they are just revealing issues in their own lives. If you know yourself, you will know what you are good at and what you are not. Criticism will never stop, and it have a negative effect in your life. And that’s a big lesson I had to learn that has helped me as a person. â€Å"If you’re getting kicked in the rear, it means you’re out front. †

Benefits of Vegetarianism :: Healthy Lifestyle Essay

More than 10 billion animals are killed for our plates each year. These animals are drugged and starved each day. Almost none of the animals ever see daylight. Majority of the mothers ever see their young. Shortly after giving birth, the mothers are sent away to cruel veal farms to feed humans their calves. Fish on aquafarms spend their entire life in filthy enclosures. Forty percent of them die because diseases and parasite infections. On some farms, conditions are so horrendous that majority of them die before they can get packaged. But that is not as alarming as what continues. Most of the innocent animals are killed so horrifically, that the poor animals which have only brought goodness, have their throats slit while they are fully conscious. More than fifteen million people in the United States of America are vegetarians. The consumption of eating meat, dairy, and eggs have been strongly linked to Alzheimer’s disease, and asthma. Meat-eaters are nine times more likely to be obese than vegetarians. Animal products clog your arteries, zap your energy and slow down your immune system. Vegetarians have stronger immune systems than their meat-eating friends, making them less vulnerable to everyday illnesses such as colds, and flues. There’s a bonus also to becoming a vegetarian - you live longer on average six to ten years! The oldest person in the world was a vegetarian - living until 117 years! Vegetarians grow taller and have higher IQs than their classmates. They are also at a lower risk for heart diseases, diabetes, and obesity. Even older people who switch to a vegetarian diet can prevent and even reverse chronic mental diseases! Meat-eating is why our teeth grow crooked, and why our jaws are small. Not very many people know exactly what part of the body they are eating. We are actually supposed to be omnivores. Compare our teeth to those of a carnivore. A carnivore’s teeth are used to tear apart meat. Ours are not. We do not have ‘canine teeth’. Animal fat is saturated fat and cholesterol, which both have been linked to various health problems, including heart diseases, and cancer. A group fifteen scientists declared that up to 40 percent of cancers are preventable. Most people think that vegetarians don’t get enough protein. But this is an old wives’ tale. Vegetarians do get enough protein. Is it possible to get enough protein on a vegetarian diet?

Applying Ethics to End of Life Care Essay

Applying Ethics to End of Life Care can be a difficult task for those involved in making the decisions pertaining to active and passive euthanasia, as well as palliative care when it comes to themselves or loved ones. According to The Last Chapter-End of life decisions â€Å"there often comes a time that advances in medicine are no longer your friend, they become the enemy† (West Virginia Public Broadcasting, 2010, Dec. 28). Euthanasia, or right to death; according to Mosser (2014), â€Å"the argument for euthanasia is straightforward: A person who is virtually certain to die within a given amount of time and is experiencing or will experience a lot of pain before he or she dies should be able to choose an earlier, less painful death. What purpose is served by keeping a person alive only to experience constant, agonizing pain?† (sec. 6.3, para. 32). The answer to the question would seem rather obvious depending on your point of view. According to Palliummja (2011, March 19) Dr. Balfour Mount stated â€Å"People do not have to die with pain†, and Kass (1989) states â€Å"Each person has a right to control his or her body and his or her life, including the end of it† (pg. 27, para. 1). Within this paper is a look at three different ethical points of view. The topic of End of Life Care will be explored through the perspective of the utilitarian, the deontologist, as well as the relativists. Each one of these theories have their own take on what is considered morally right and morally wrong. Although each of these theories have their benefits and cons, it is this researcher’s belief that the relativist’s point of view would be the best ethical theory to apply when dealing with End of Life Care issues because it is left up to the individuals own moral standards of what they perceive to be the morally right or wrong thing to do. We will first take a look through the eyes of the relativist. According to Mosser (2014), â€Å"we should recognize that there are no universal or general ethical standards; that a person’s ethical view is relative to his or her culture, society, tradition, religion, worldview, and even individual values. Because moral claims are said to be relative to something else†, he continues with â€Å"Even though philosophers distinguish between different kinds of relativism, we will generally use the term to mean that any ethical claim is relative to a set of beliefs and that any such ethical claim is true, or consistent with, that set of beliefs† (sec 6.2, para. 14). It is the individual aspect of relativism that I would like to focus on as the best way to tackle ethical questions pertaining to end of life care. This leaves the decision solely up to what the individual believes is the right thing to do, based on his or her own personal beliefs. If it is considered ok by that individual to go ahead and end their life, through active or passive euthanasia so they do not suffer more pain than what is necessary, then that is what the morally right thing to do would be. The relativist simply says that the practice a given culture/individual adopts as correct determines what should be done (Mosser, K., 2014). The second ethical view that we will be looking at is the deontological theory. According to Mosser, K. (2014) â€Å"deontological ethics focuses on the will of the person acting, the person’s intention in carrying out the act, and particularly, the rule according to which the act is carried out. Deontology focuses on the duties and obligations one has in carrying out actions rather than on the consequences of those actions† (sec. 6.1). In short the deontologists is not concerned with consequences, but rather what it is the law of the land says is right or wrong. This means that even if a patient was certain to experience excruciating pain and suffering, and was certain to die in a matter of days, euthanasia would still not be permissible because the law states that killing is the wrong thing to do. This would present a problem for a patient who is wanting to end their life early because the physician would be bound by law not to perform such acts because to kill a pers on is against the law. The doctor patient confidentiality aspect cannot be applied in this case. The good thing about the deontological view is that it keeps doctors in check by not allowing a  doctor to end a life just because they no longer wish to treat an individual. Kass gives an example of this by stating â€Å"Even the most humane and conscientious physician psychologically needs protection against himself and his weaknesses† (pg. 35, para 3). Meaning that the law is set in place so that a doctor does not make killing a therapeutic option. But even though this is a check so to say for the doctor, this cannot be the ethical theory best to satisfy ones individual need or want for an earlier termination of life, if in fact that is what they choose to want happen. The utilitarian in this situation would ask that we take a look at the consequences of such an act as euthanasia, taking into consideration as to what is the best outcome for the most amount of people. According to Mosser, K. (2014) â€Å"When given a choice between two acts, utilitarianism states that the act that should be chosen is the one that creates the greatest amount of happiness for the greatest number of people† (section 6.1). This has its strong and weak points as well. The strong point in this is that it takes a look at every aspect of the situation, analyzing the benefits and cons to either end a life or keeping an individual alive. The problem with this view lies with, who is it that benefits the most, is it the patient and patients family who benefits more, or is it the hospital or physician who benefits more. A point made in the video End of Life Care Dilemma: Who gets booted from ICU stated that hospitals tend to â€Å"bounce from the emergency room the perso n who you know is going to die soon† (ForaTv. 2010, April 14). The reason for this is the amount of money made by keeping ICU beds full. It could cost up to two million dollars to keep an individual alive for two years. In the view of the video provided it would be more cost efficient to end a life and use the two million dollars to pay for school lunches for school children prolonging life for 500 years rather than the two years for the one individual (ForaTv. 2010, April 14). So the question remains, who is it that benefits more? It would seem as if the hospital would benefit more by ending a life because it opens up a new bed for the next individual. When it comes to end of life care and utilitarianism there is no sure way to know that ending a life would be benefitting the right individuals. In conclusion, it is this researcher’s belief that the best ethical point of  view to use when dealing with end of life care would be the relativist ethical theory. This theory allows an individual to make the decision based on what it is that they feel is the right option to do. There is no outside influence as to what a person should do when you are able to make the decision based off of your own moral beliefs. As stated above by Kass, â€Å"Each person has a right to control his or her body and his or her life, including the end of it† (pg. 27, para. 1). This right is taken away once you put forth a deontological or utilitarian point of view. The individual no longer has a say in what it is to be done with their life. Many would opt for a less painful death, in fact this researcher would opt for a less painful death knowing that I may spend the rest of my life in agonizing pain, or deteriorating. Even if it was the patients wish to die peacefully before suffering the agonizing effects of the disease, there is nothing that the doctor can do to assist with these wishes, because the law of the land prohibits murder, and since active euthanasia would be causing the death of an individual with the intent to cause the death, this would be classified as murder, this is why the deontological approach cannot work in terms of end of life care. It removes the individual’s wishes as to what they want to have happen, and replaces it with what society believes should happen. The utilitarian point of view is also one that removes the individual wants or needs from the end of life care factor. It brings in the benefits of others that may out weight the benefits of the individual. It is these reasons presented within this paper that this researcher believes that although each of these theories have their benefits and cons, it is the relativist’s point of view would be the best e thical theory to apply when dealing with End of Life Care issues because it is left up to the individuals own moral standards of what they perceive to be the morally right or wrong thing to do, and there is no other influence on what should be done with one’s own life. References ForaTv. (2009, Sep. 24). End-of-life care dilemma: Who gets booted from the ICU? [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0XpAYPgjMYg Kass, L. R. (1989). Neither for love nor money: Why doctors must not kill. Public Interest, 94, 25-46. Retrieved from the ProQuest database. Mosser, K. (2013). Understanding philosophy. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc. Palliummja. (2011, March 19). Dying for care – quality palliative & end of life care in Canada (English subtitles/captions) [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com /watch?v=Q6mUbIjKEEI West Virginia Public Broadcasting. (2010, Dec. 28). The last chapter – end of life decisions [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8jKUZ8lS9b4

Management Director Of Quality Time Learning Center

I am pleased to provide this recommendation for Mrs. Cortinzia Witcher, Center director of Quality Time Learning Center in Silver Spring, Maryland. Quality Time Learning Center in Silver Spring, Maryland daily, for nearly the past 29 years who are 6 weeks to Kindergarten age. Participating in Maryland Excels and Licensed by the Maryland State Department of Education, Quality Time provides not only a loving, warm and friendly environment that helps nurture the growth and development of very young children but is a community fixture where families gather to promote a brighter future for our children. With 68 staff including 59 teaching staff, Mrs. Witcher’s role, knowledge modelling and leadership have all been key to the overwhelming success of Quality Time. In her 3rd fall year as Center Director, Mrs. Witcher has continually strived to establish and maintain a safe, health and learning environment. Of course this is the most basic and fundamental responsibility of a center director. Mrs. Witcher constantly monitors the center not only through her own eyes and ears but encourages staff and parents to â€Å"be on the look-out† in these fundamental areas. With 17 classrooms Mrs. Witcher utilizes an Assistant Director, Floor Leaders and other management team members to participate in all areas of Health and Safety, regular fire drills, emergency evacuation procedures including lockdown and practice. Emergency resources are always kept on hand. Playground is checked forShow MoreRelatedThe Between Regulations And Quality1271 Words   |  6 PagesChildcare centers entails state licensing standards that involve minimum requirements (Apple, 2006). According to Maher et al., (2000), licensing and standards affected program quality i n positives ways. Rigby et al., (2007) noted that higher quality childcare centers required higher teacher credentials and professional development. 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